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Wednesday, September 10, 2008

How to Find Faraway Moons

Special to SPACE.com. Excerpt: While the number of confirmed extrasolar planets is now approaching 300, the tally of extrasolar moons so far identified is still a rather disappointing zero. ...But the search is not impossible, says Darren Williams, associate professor of physics and astronomy at Penn State Erie, the Behrend College. Williams believes a moon in orbit around a known extrasolar planet will also be detectable if we look hard enough with the right techniques.

... Finding moons is more than just an academic quest to count them up. Planetary satellites can be highly interesting in their own right. It's possible, for example, that life could exist on extrasolar moons, researchers say. And it has been suggested that the ocean tides induced by Earth's moon may have been necessary to create the conditions for life on our planet to begin. At the least, the evolution of life has been affected by our moon's constant tugging.

...It will be easier to see moons that happen to transit the face of a star, such as what the space telescope Kepler will attempt to do starting next year," Williams explained. The space-based Kepler observatory will note dips in starlight caused by planets crossing in front of stars. If the planets are aligned in such a favourable manner, then thinking goes, moons ought to transit the stars too. ...A similar conclusion is reached by Szabó, Szatmáry, Diveki and Simon in a paper published in Astronomy and Astrophysics in 2005. They conclude that the Kepler mission should identify a few extrasolar moons using this method of detection.

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